Leishmania is the causative agent of leishmanioses. The many species of the genus Leishmania pathogenic to humans do not show morphological differences.

利什曼蟲檢測試劑盒

利什曼蟲leishmanioses的病原體。利什曼蟲屬的許多物種對人類致病性沒有顯示形態學差異。它們可以分化的基礎上生物標準,實驗分析了不同臨床圖片和流行病學的事實(見標簽。)。
利什曼蟲屬Phlebotomus雌蚊的傳播和Lutzomyia(白蛉?),發生在溫暖地區的國家在亞洲、非洲、歐洲地中海國家和拉丁美洲。無鞭毛體階段的寄生蟲攝取的昆蟲腸道的血被轉換成纖細,鞭打promastigote形式,繁殖和遷移回吻。當感染白蛉再bloodmeal promastigote形式被接種到一個新主機(人類或其它脊椎動物)。
在宿主promastigotes迅速轉變成無鞭毛體階段(12 - 14小時內),然后釋放過程類似胞外分泌和可以感染新的細胞。在皮膚和黏膜與皮膚的leishmanioses寄生蟲一般仍局限于皮膚或皮膚和粘膜。皮膚leishmanioses病變可能持續很長一段時間,但往往自發愈合,而更傾向于破壞性變化在黏膜與皮膚的leishmanioses感染。相比之下在內臟leishmanioses有機體可以入侵整個單核吞噬系統各器官(脾、肝、淋巴結、節點、骨髓、血液單核細胞等),導致感染,沒有治療通常是致命的。

物種	疾病	癥狀	感染的機制
嬰兒利什曼蟲 杜氏利什曼蟲	內臟leishmanioses(黑熱病)	發熱、脾腫大、hypergammaglobulinemia進行性貧血、白細胞減少等。	傳輸的雌蚊屬Phlebotomus(舊世界)和Lutzomyia(新世界),稱為?白蛉?。
利什曼蟲主要	皮膚leishmanioses(東方痛)	丘疹,船只和節點
利什曼蟲取代巴西橡膠樹	黏膜與皮膚的leishmanioses	皮膚的變化類似于東方痛。某些形式往往會擴散到粘膜,引起嚴重的組織破壞。
利什曼蟲墨西哥	皮膚leishmanioses	慢性病變類似于麻風病

感染的診斷則需要通過:

顯微鏡:
測定有色Giemsa-stained涂片的病原體

血清學:
確定特定的基于ELISA-technique抗體

NovaLisa嗎?嬰兒利什曼蟲免疫球蛋白ELISA:
NovaLisa嗎?嬰兒利什曼蟲免疫球蛋白ELISA用于定性測定IgG-class嬰兒利什曼蟲抗體在人類血清或血漿(檸檬酸)。

抗原:
純化利什曼蟲抗原

具體的性能特征:

	Intraassay			Interasay			靈敏度	特異性
	n	的意思是	CV %	n	的意思是	CV %
免疫球蛋白	7	1.609	7.4	4	0.735	5.9	91年	85年

訂單信息:

ELISA	的數量決定	產品編號
嬰兒利什曼蟲免疫球蛋白	96年	LEIG0310

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Leishmania infantum

Leishmania is the causative agent of leishmanioses. The many species of the genus Leishmania pathogenic to humans do not show morphological differences. They can be differentiated on the basis of biological criteria, laboratory analyzes the different clinical pictures and epidemiological facts (see tab.). 
Leishmania are transmitted by female mosquitoes of the genera Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia (?sandflies?), that occur in warmer regions of countries in Asia, Africa, Europe (Mediterranean countries) and Latin America. The amastigote stages of the parasite ingested by the insect with a blood meal are transformed in its intestine into slender, flagellate promastigote forms, which multiply and migrate back into the proboscis. When infected sandflies take another bloodmeal the promastigote forms are inoculated into a new host (humans or other vertebrates). 
In the host the promastigotes quickly (within 12-14 hours) transform into amastigote stages, which then released in a process resembling exocytosis and can infect new cells. In cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmanioses the parasites generally remain restricted to the skin or skin and mucosa. Cutaneous leishmanioses lesions may persist for long periods, but tend to heal spontaneously, whereas a greater tendency to destructive changes is seen in mucocutaneous leishmanioses infections. By contrast in visceral leishmanioses the organism can invade the entire mononuclear phagocytic system in various organs (spleen, liver, lymph, nodes, bone marrow, blood monocytes etc.), causing infections that are normally lethal without treatment.  

Species	Disease	Symptoms	Mechanism of Infection
Leishmania infantum Leishmania donovani	Visceral leishmanioses (Kala-azar)	Fever, splenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, progressive anemia, leucopenia etc.	Transmission by female mosquitoes of the genera Phlebotomus (Old World) and Lutzomyia (New World), known as ?sandflies?.
Leishmania major	Cutaneous leishmanioses (oriental sore)	Papules, vessels and nodes
Leishmania brasiliensis	Mucocutaneous leishmanioses	Skin changes similar to oriental sore. Some forms tend to spread to mucosa and cause severe tissue destruction.
Leishmania mexicana	Cutaneous leishmanioses	Chronic lesions similar to leprosy

Infections may be diagnosed by:

Microscopy:      
determination of the pathogen in coloured Giemsa-stained smears

Serology:          
determination of specific antibodies based on the ELISA-technique

NovaLisa? Leishmania infantum IgG ELISA:
The NovaLisa? Leishmania infantum IgG ELISA is intended for the qualitative determination of IgG-class antibodies against Leishmania infantum in human serum or plasma (citrate).

Antigens:
Purified Leishmania antigens

Specific performance characteristics:

	Intraassay			Interasay			Sensitivity	Specificity
	n	Mean	CV%	n	Mean	CV%
IgG	7	1.609	7.4	4	0.735	5.9	91	85

Order information:

ELISA	Number of Determinations	Product Number
Leishmania infantum IgG	96	LEIG0310